Investigation on the Presence of Titanium Oxide particles Effect in Preventing the Growth of NiTi Granules in the Sintering Process

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

Hadi Nasiri ¹

Morteza Golmohammadi ²

¹ Department of Materials Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran.

² Department of chemical engineering, Faculty of mining, civil and chemical engineering , Birjand university of technology, Birjand, Iran.

10.22067/jmme.2022.76601.1051

Abstract

Grain growth during sintering of nanomaterial is one of the main drawback is this process. Since the nanomaterials maintain their unique performance as long as their size dos not exceed a specific size range, various strategies, including the addition of oxide particles, are adopted to prevent this phenomenon and to slow down grain growth. In this research, titanium oxide particles were used to prevent the growth of NiTi nanostructured alloy grains during sintering operations due to their suitable thermal stability with amount of 10 wt.%. The effect of titanium oxide particles was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. For this purpose, two groups of samples including with and without presence of titanium oxide were prepared and studied. The results of kinetic analysis on both sample groups showed that grain growth occurred after the process, in the presence of this oxide, up to twice the initial size and before sintering. But the growth rate in the absence of titanium oxide increased up to five times. The reason for this is the amount of activation energy required for grain growth. This energy was 31.85 kJ in the sample without titanium oxide and 47.96 kJ in the sample with the presence of 10% of this oxide. Also, based on DSC data, the barrier energy were calculated as 9.93 and 7.75 kJ, and the grain growth activation energy were calculated as 13.4 and 14.4 kJ, for the samples with out and with titanium oxide respectively.

Keywords

Grain Growth

TiO2

NiTi

DSC

Subjects

• Advanced Materials

---

References

1. Golmohammadi, M., Nasiri, H., "Synthesis and Characterization of Bentonite-SnO2 Nanocomposite in Supercritical Water Environment", Journal of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 33, Pp. 87-96, (2022).
2. Golmohammadi, M., Nasiri, H., "Synthesis and Characterization of CexZr1-xO2 using Supercritical Water", Journal of Applied Research of Chemical-Polymer Engineering,3, Pp. 3-12 (2020).
3. Nasiri, H., Vahdati Khaki, J., Haddad Sabzevar, M., "Fast prepared Ni-Al2O3 nanocomposite through solution combustion synthesis", Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 45, Pp. 1241-1244, (2015).
4. Yang, Y., Zhang, C., Lai, C., Zeng, G., Huang, D., Cheng, M., Wang, J., Chen, F., Zhou, C., Xiong, W., "BiOX (X= Cl, Br, I) photocatalytic nanomaterials: applications for fuels and environmental management", Advances in colloid and interface science, 254, Pp.76-93, (2018).
5. Sharma, N., Raj, T., Jangra, K. K., "Microstructural evaluation of NiTi-powder, steatite, and steel balls after different milling conditions", Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 31, Pp.628-632, (2016).
6. Obada, D. O., Dauda, E. T., Abifarin, J. K., Dodoo-Arhin, D., Bansod, N. D., "Mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite using low cold compaction pressure: Effect of sintering temperature", Materials Chemistry and Physics, 239, Pp. 122099, (2020).
7. Chen, P., Cai, H., Li, MaoyuanLi, Z., et.al, "Crystallization kinetics of polyetheretherketone during high temperature-selective laser sintering ", Additive Manufacturing, 36, Pp. 101615, (2020).
8. Robinston JeyasinghSwikker, K., Kanagasabapathy, H., NeethiManickam, I., Vijay PonrajNadar, N., Alwin, S., "Effect of sintering temperature on grain growth and mechanical properties of copper/graphene nanosheet composite", Diamond and Related Materials, 110, Pp. 108111, (2020).
9. Poletik, T. M., Girsov, S. L., Lotkov, A. I., "Ti₃Ni₄ precipitation features in heat-treated grain / subgrain nanostructure in Ni-rich TiNi alloy", Intermetallics,127, Pp. 106966, (2020).
10. Fu, W., Li, Z., Xu, W., Wang, Y., Sun, Y., Dai, Y., "Exceptionally thermal-stable Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers by depressing surface-initiated grain growth as new supports for anti-sintering Pt nanoparticles", Materials Today Nano, 11, Pp. 100088, (2020).
11. LifengXu, DongshengWang, "Grain growth characteristics of plasma-sprayed nanostructured Al2O3-13wt.%TiO₂ coatings during laser remelting", Ceramics International,47, Pp. 15052-15058, (2021).
12. Hou, J., Kumar, R., Qu, Y., Krsmanovic, D., "Crystallization kinetics and densification of YAG nanoparticles from various chelating agents", Materials Research Bulletin, 44, Pp.1786-1791, (2009).
13. Nowak-Woźny, D., Ferens, W., Wach, J., "Using dissipation factor method in testing the ash sintering process of cereal pellet and coal fuels", Energy, 250, Pp.123718, (2022).
14. Al-Shankiti, I. A., Ehrhart, B. D., Ward, B. J., Bayon, A., Wallace, M. A., Bader, R., Kreider, P., Weimer, A. W., "Particle design and oxidation kinetics of iron-manganese oxide redox materials for thermochemical energy storage", Solar Energy, 183, Pp. 17-29, (2019).
15. Arunkumar, S., Kumaravel, P., Velmurugan, C., Senthilkumar, V., "Microstructures and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline NiTi intermetallics formed by mechanosynthesis", International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials,25, Pp.80-87, (2018).
16. Saeed, E. M., Dawood, N. M., Hasan, S. F., "Improvement corrosion resistance of Ni-Ti alloy by TiO2 coating and hydroxyaptite/TiO2 composite coating using micro arc oxidation process", Materials Today: Proceedings, 42, Pp.2789-2796, (2021).
17. Kibasomba, P. M., Dhlamini, S., Maaza, M., Liu, C. -P., Rashad, M. M., Rayan, D. A., Mwakikunga, B. W., "Strain and grain size of TiO2 nanoparticles from TEM, Raman spectroscopy and XRD: The revisiting of the Williamson-Hall plot method", Results in Physics,9, Pp. 628-635, (2018).
18. Lorenzo, A. T., Arnal, M. L., Albuerne, J., Müller, A. J., "DSC isothermal polymer crystallization kinetics measurements and the use of the Avrami equation to fit the data: Guidelines to avoid common problems", Polymer testing,26, Pp.222-231, (2007).
19. Choi, H., Kim, Y., Rim, Y., Yang, Y., "Crystallization kinetics of lithium niobate glass: determination of the Johnson–Mehl – Avrami – Kolmogorov parameters", Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,15, Pp.9940-9946, (2013).