Evaluation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Joint between Pure Copper and Stainless Steel 316

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Imam Khomeini International University

2 Imam Khomeini international University

Abstract

In this research, dissimilar joints between copper and stainless steel 316by gas-tungsten arc welding using copper and monel filler metals and also the similar welding of steel 316 have been investigated. The microstructure was studied by OM, SEM and EDS. Tensile and impact tests were done to evaluate the mechanical properties. In order to investigate the sigma phase formation, the specimens were heat treated. The microstructure of the dissimilar welds contained an iron rich and a copper or monel phase. After heat treatment, no sigma phase was observed in the dissimilar joint that it seems that the presence of copper and nickel as an austenite stabilizer elements in the microstructure prevents the sigma phase formation.

Keywords


  1. معینیان، م.، "کلیدجوشکاری"، انتشارات آزاده، (1391).
  2. خسروانی‌نژاد، ا.ح.، شمعانیان، م.، رضائیان، ا.، عطاپور، م.، "بررسی خواص مکانیکی اتصال غیرمشابه فولاد زنگ‌نزن آستنیتی 316 AISI به فولاد کم‌کربن 37 St  با استفاده از جوشکاری اصطکاکی اغتشاشی"، مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی مواد، سال 34، شماره 2، (1394).
  3. Kearns, W. H., (Editor), "Welding Handbook, Metals and Their Weldability ", American Welding Society Inc., Miami, Vol. 4. pp. 514-521 (1997).
  4. خسروانی نژاد، ا.ح.، شمعانیان، م.، رضائیان، ا.، عطاپور، م.، "تحولات ریزساختاری درطی جوشکاری اصطکاکی اغتشاشی فولاد زنگ‌نزن آستنیتی AISI316 به فولاد کم‌کربن St37"، مهندسی متالورژی و مواد، سال بیست‌وهفتم (2)، (1395).
  5. Kuryntsev, S. V., Morushkin, A. E., and Gilmutdinov, A. Kh., "Fiber laser welding of austenitic steel and commercially pure copper butt joint", Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol.90, pp. 101–9, (2017).
  6. Cheng, Z., Huang, J., Ye, Z., Chen, Y., Yang and J., Chen, S., "Microstructures and mechanical properties of copper-stainless steel butt welded joints by MIG-TIG double-sided arc welding", Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 265, pp. 87–98, (2019).
  7. Wang, Y., Li, X., Wang, X., and Yan, H., "Fabrication of a thick copper-stainless steel clad plate for nuclear fusion equipment by explosive welding. Fusion Engineering and Design", Vol.137, pp. 91–96, (2018).
  8. خانزاده قره شیران، م.ر.، بختیاری، ح. و محمدجوادی، م.، "تأثیر فاصله توقف و ضخامت ماده منفجره بر خواص اتصال انفجاری مس - فولاد زنگ‌نزن 304"، مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی، سال 36، شماره 3، (1396).
  9. Mannucci, A., Tomashchuk, I., Vignal, V., Sallamand, P., and Duband, M., "Parametric study of laser welding of copper to austenitic stainless steel", Procedia CIRP, Vol. 74, pp. 450-455, (2017).
  10. Tat, D., Pasang, T., and Ramezani, M., "Gas tungsten arc welding of copper and mild steel", Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol.5, pp. 12-17, (2015).
  11. Velu, M., and Bhat, S., "Metallurgical and mechanical examinations of steel–copper joints arc welded using bronze and nickel-base superalloy filler materials", Materials & Design, Vol. 47, pp. 793–809, (2013).
  12. Magnabosco, I., Ferro, P., Bonollo, F., and Arnberg, L., "An investigation of fusion zone microstructures in electron beam welding of copper–stainless steel", Materials Science and Engineering A., Vol. 424, pp. 163-73, (2006).
  13. Satoru Asai, M., Tsuyoshi Ogawa, M., Yoshiki Ishizaki, M., Toshiyuki Minemura, M., Hideyuki Minami, M., Satoshi, M., and Iyazaki, M., "Application of Plasma MIG Hybrid Welding to Dissimilar Joints Between Copper and Steel", Welding in the World, Vol. 56, pp. 37-42, (2013).
  14. Shokri, V., Sadeghi, A., and Sadeghi, M.H., "Effect of friction stir welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of DSS–Cu joints", Materials Science & Engineering A., Vol. 693, pp. 111-120, (2017).
  15. Baker, H., (Editor), "ASM Handbook: Alloy Phase Diagrams", ASM International, Ohio, (1992).
  16. Shiri, S.G., Nazarzadeh, M., Shariftabar, M., and Afarani, M. S., "Gas tungsten arc welding of CP-copper to 304 stainless steel using different filler materials", Trans Nonferrous Metal Society of China, Vol. 22, pp. 2937-2942, (2012).
  17. Hsieh, C. C., and Wu, W., "Overview of Intermetallic Sigma Phase Precipitation in Stainless Steels", ISRN Metallurgy, Vol. 2012, (2012).
  18. Lippold, J. C., and Kotecki, D., "Welding metallurgy and weldability of stainless steels", John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, (2014).
  19. Vitek, J. M., and David, S., "The sigma phase transformation in austenitic stainless steels", welding research supplement, April 1986, pp. 106s-111s, (1986).
  20. Lee, C., Lee, Y., Lee, C., and Hong, S., "Precipitation behavior of the sigma phase with Ni and Mn content variations in superaustenitic stainless steel weld metal", Materials Characterization, Vol. 144, pp. 148-154, (2018).
  21. Sieurin, H., and Sandström, R., "Sigma phase precipitation in duplex stainless steel 2205", Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 444, pp. 271-276, (2007).
  22. Lin, J. W., Chang. H. C., and Wu, M. H., "Comparison of mechanical properties of pure copper welded using friction stir welding and tungsten inert gas welding", Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 304, pp.296-304, (2014).
  23. Zhou, Q., Wang, R., Zheng, Z., and Gao, Y., "Interpretation for the fast sigma phase precipitation in the high intensity shot peened nanocrystallined Super 304H stainless steel", Applied Surface Science, Vol. 462, pp. 804-814, (2018).
  24. Ji, Y. S., Park, J., Lee, S. Y., Kim, J. W., Lee, S. M., Nam, J., et al., "Long-term evolution of σ phase in 304H austenitic stainless steel: Experimental and computational investigation", Materials Characterization, Vol. 128, pp. 23-29, (2017).
  25. Mills K., (editor), "ASM Metals Handbook: Metallography and Microstructures", ASM International, United States of America, (1992).
  26. Smuk, O., Nenonen,P., Hanninen, H., and Liimatainen, J., "Microstructures of a Powder Metallurgy–Hot-Isostatically Pressed Super Duplex Stainless Steel Forming in Industrial Heat Treatments", Metallurgical and Materials Transaction A, Vol. 35A, pp. 2013-2019, (2004).

 

 

CAPTCHA Image