Evaluation of biodegradability and electrochemical behavior of magnesium-aluminum alloy AZ91 with bio-nanocomposite membrane

Document Type : Original Articles

Author

• Farzad Soleymani

Faculty Member of Payam Noor University

10.22067/jmme.2022.78695.1074

Abstract

One of the most important problems of using magnesium alloys is their high corrosion rate. In order to solve this problem, the method of surface modification and coating has been considered. The main purpose of this research is to apply polycaprolactone/chitosan-1% Baghdadite polymer membrane by immersion method on anodized magnesium-aluminum AZ91 alloy in order to improve the corrosion resistance, biodegradability and biocompatibility of this alloy. The results of the electrochemical test show the improvement of the electrochemical resistance and the reduction of the electrochemical current density (10^3 times reduction) of the anodized magnesium-aluminum alloy AZ91 due to the application of the polymer-ceramic membrane. Also, the application of polymer-ceramic membrane has led to an increase in the surface roughness from 0.329 ± 0.02 (magnesium-aluminum AZ91) to 7.792 ± 0.34 micrometers. In order to evaluate the ability of apatite formation on the samples, the body simulating liquid test (phosphate buffer) was used. The results show that the formation of apatite layer on the surface of the sample can be considered as a measure of biodegradability

Keywords

• Chitosan
• Polycaproctone
• Polymeric membrane
• Magnesium alloy
• Biodegradability
• Phosphate

Main Subjects

• Corrosion and Oxidation

---

References

[1] E. M. Christenson, K. S. Ansecth, J. J. V. D. Bcuckcn, C. K. Chan, B. Ercan, J. A. Jansen, C. T. Laurencin, W. J. Li, R. Murugan, L. S. Nair, S. Ramakrishna, Tuan, R. S. "Nanobiomaterials application in orthopedics", Journal of Orthopedic Research, vol. 25, pp. 11-22, 2006.

[2] L. Ghorbanian, R. Emadi, S.M. Razavi, H. Shin, and A. Teimouri, "Fabrication and characterization of novel diopside/silk fibroin nanocomposite scaffolds for potential application in maxillaofacial bone regeneration", International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 58, pp. 275-280, 2013.

[3] Y. Xin, T. Hu, and P.K. Chu, "In vitro studies of biomedical magnesium alloys in a simulated physiological environment: a review", Acta biomaterialia, Vol. 7, Pp.1452-1459, 2011.

[4] J.G., siler, and J. Johnson, "Lliac crest autogenous bone grafting: donor site complications", Journal South Orthopedic Association, vol. 9, pp. 91-97, 2000.

[5] Y. Tabata, "Recent progress in tissue engineering", Drug Discovery Today, vol. 6, pp. 483-487, 2001.

[6] M. Saini, Y. Singh, P. Arora, V. Arora, and K. Jain, "Implant biomaterials: comprehensive review", World Journal of Clinical Cases: WJCC, vol. 3, pp. 52-57, 2015.

[7] K.S. Katti, "Biomaterials in total joint replacement", Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, vol. 39, pp. 133-142, 2004.

[8] A. Zomorodian, M. P. Garcia, T. Moura e Silva, J. Fernandes, M. H. Fernandes, and M. F. Montemor, "Corrosion resistance of a composite polymeric coating applied on biodegradable AZ31 magnesium alloy", Acta Biomaterialia , vol. 9, pp. 8660-8670, 2013.

[9] T. Hanas, T.S. Kumar, G. Perumal, and M. Doble, "Tailoring degradation of AZ31 alloy by surface pre-treatment and electrospun PCL fibrous coating", Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 65, pp. 43-50, 2016.

[10] D. Zhao, F. Witte, F. Lu, J. Wang, J. Li, and L. Qin, "Current status on clinical applications of magnesium based orthopaedic implants: A review from clinical translational perspective", Biomaterials, vol. 112, pp. 287-302, 2017.

[11] D. Bian, W. Zhou, J. Deng, Y. Liu, W. Li, and X. Chu, "Development of magnesium-based biodegradable metals with dietary trace element germanium as orthopaedic implant applications", Acta biomaterialia, vol. 64, pp. 421-436, 2017.

[12] N. Li, and Y. Zheng, "Novel magnesium alloys developed for biomedical application: a review", Journal of Materials Science & Technology, vol. 29, pp. 489-502, 2013.

[13] Y. Chen, Z. Xu, C. Smith, and J. Sankar, "Recent advances on the development of magnesium alloys for biodegradable implants", Acta biomaterialia, vol. 10, pp. 4561-4573, 2014.

[14] S. Najeeb, Z. Khurshid, J.P. Matinlinna, F. Siddiqui, M. Z. Nassani, and K. Baroudi, "Nanomodified peek dental implants: Bioactive composites and surface modification-A review", International journal of dentistry, pp. 261-271, (2015).

[15] S. Sadeghzade, F. Shamoradi, R. Emadi, and F. Tavangarian, "Fabrication and characterization of baghdadite nanostructured scaffolds by space holder method", Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, vol. 68, pp. 1-7, (2017).

[16] Q. Z. Chen, I. D. Thompson, and A. R. Boccaccini, "45S5 Bioglass-derived glass-ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering", Biomaterials, vol. 27, pp. 2414-2425, 2006.

[17] H. Bakhsheshi-Rad, E. Hamzah, A. Ismail, M. Aziz, M. Kasiri-Asgarani, and E. Akbari, et al., "Synthesis of a novel nanostructured zinc oxide/baghdadite coating on Mg alloy for biomedical application: In-vitro degradation behavior and antibacterial activities", Ceramics International, vol. 43, pp. 14842-14850, 2017.

[18] A. Golshirazi, M. Kharaziha, and M. Golozar, "Polyethylenimine/Kappa Carrageenan:"Micro-arc Oxidation Coating for Passivation of Magnesium Alloy", Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 167, pp. 185-195, 2017.

[19] T. Hanas, T.S. Kumar, G. Perumal, and M. Doble, "Tailoring degradation of AZ31 alloy by surface pre-treatment and electrospun PCL fibrous coating", Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 65, pp. 43-50, 2016.

[20] P.N. Chavan, M. m. Bahir, R. u. Mene, M. P. Mahabole, and R. S. Khairnar, "Study of nanobiomaterial hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid: formation anf growth of apatite", Materials Science and Engineering :B, vol. 168, pp 224-230, 2010.

[21] S. Sadeghzade, F. Shamoradi, R. Emadi, and F. Tavangarian, "Fabrication and characterization of baghdadite nanostructured scaffolds by space holder method", Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, vol. 68, pp. 1–7, 2017.

[22] M. Razavi, M. Faith, O. Savabi, B. H. Beni, D. Vashaee, and L. Tayebi, "Surface microstructure and in vitro analysis of nanostructured akermanite (Ca2MgSi207) coating an biodegradable magnesium alloy for biomedical applications", Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerface, vol.117, pp 432-440, 2014.

[23] Y. Zhang, and C. W. Yan, "Development of anodic film on Mg alloy AZ91D", Surface and Coatings Technology", vol. 201, pp. 2381–2386, 2006.

[24] F. Brusciotti, D. Snihirova, H. Xue, M. Montemor, S. Lamaka, and M. Ferreira, "Hybrid epoxy–silane coatings for improved corrosion protection of Mg alloy", Corrosion Science, vol. 67, pp. 82–90, 2018.

[25] L. d. Y. Pozzo, T. F. da Conceição, A. Spinelli, N. Scharnagl and A.T. Pires, "Chitosan coatings crosslinked with genipin for corrosion protection of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets", Carbohydrate polymers, vol. 181, pp. 71-77, 2018.

[26] M. Kong, X. Chen, K. Xing, and H. Park,"Antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mode of action:a state of art review", International Journal of Food Microbiology,vol.144, no.1,pp.51-63, 2010.

[27] F. Tavangarian, and R. Emadi, "Nanostructure effects on the bioactivity of forsterite bioceramic", Material Letter, vol. 65, pp. 740-743, 2011.