Friction Stir Welding of 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

• sajad emami
• Tohid Saeid
• Rasoul Azari Khosroshahi

sahand university of technology

10.22067/ma.v30i2.65546

Abstract

Friction stir welding was conducted on a 430 austenitic stainless steel plate with thickness of 2 mm. The welding procedure was performed at a welding speed of 50 mm/min and rotational speed of 400 rpm. Microstructure observations showed high fraction of low angle grain boundaries formed in the thermo mechanically affected zone through the occurrence of dynamic recovery. Severe grain refinement took place in the stir zone with the formation of high fraction of high angle grain boundaries through dynamic recrystallization. Calculated pole figure showed that shear texture developed in the stir zone.

Keywords

• Friction Stir Welding
• stainless steels
• dynamic recovery
• Dynamic Recrystallization
• shear texture

---

References

1. Lewis D.B., Pickering F.B., “Development of recrystallization textures in ferritic stainless steels and their relationship to formability”, Metals Technology, Vol. 10, pp. 264-273, (1983).

2. Siqueira R.P., Sandima H.R.Z., Oliveira T.R., Raabe D., “Composition and orientation effects on the final recrystallization texture of coarse-grained Nb-containing AISI 430 ferritic stainless steels”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 528, pp. 3513-3519, (2011).

3. Yan H., Bib H., Li X., Xu Z., “Microstructure and texture of Nb+Ti stabilized ferritic stainless steel”, Materials Characterization, Vol. 59, pp. 1741-1746, (2008).

4. Park S.H.C., Kumagai T., Sato Y.S., Kokawa H., Okamoto K., Hirano S., Inagaki M., “Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 430 stainless steel”, International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Korea, (2005).

5. Cho H.H., Hana H.N., Hong S.T., Park J.H., Kwon Y.J., Kim S.H., Steel R.J., “Microstructural analysis of friction stir welded ferritic stainless steel”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 528 pp. 2889-2894, (2011).

6. Mohandas T., Reddy G.M., Navee M., “A comparative evaluation of gas tungsten and shielded metal arc welds of a ferritic stainless steel”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 94, pp. 133-140, (1999).

7. Yana H., Bi H., Li X., Xu Z., “Effect of two-step cold rolling and annealing on texture, grain boundary character distribution and r-value of Nb+Ti stabilized ferritic stainless steel”, Materials Characterization, Vol. 60, pp. 65-68, (2009).

8. Kou S., “Welding metallurgy second edition”, Springer, New Jersey, pp. 446-450, (2003).

9. Bilgin M.B., Meran C., “The effect of tool rotational and traverse speed on friction stir weldability of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steels”, Materials and Design, Vol. 33, pp. 376-383, (2012).

10. Suwas S., Ray R.K., “Crystallographic texture of materials”, Springer, London, pp. 95-137, (2014).

11. Humphreys F.J., Hatherly M., “Recrystallization and related annealing phenomena”, Springer, Oxford, pp. 67-86, (2004).

12. Cho H.H., Hong S.T., Roh J.H., Choi H.S., Kang S.H., Steel R.J., Han H.N., “Three-dimensional numerical and experimental investigation on friction stir welding processes of ferritic stainless steel”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, pp. 2649-2661, (2013).

13. Mironov S., Sato Y.S., Kokawa H., “Microstructural evolution during friction stir-processing of pure iron”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 56, pp. 2602-2614, (2008).

14. Saeid T., Abdollah-zadeh A., Shibayanagi T., Ikeuchi K., Assadi H., “On the formation of grain structure during friction stir welding of duplex stainless steel”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 527, pp. 6484-6488, (2010).

15. Sato Y.S., Nelson T.W., Sterling C.J., Steel R.J., Pettersson C.O., “Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 397, pp. 376-384, (2005).

16. Santos T.F.A., Torres E.A., Lippold J.C., Ramirez A.J., “Detailed Microstructural Characterization and Restoration Mechanisms of Duplex and Superduplex Stainless Steel Friction-Stir-Welded Joints”, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, (2016).

17. Santos T.F.A., Lopez E.A.T., Fonseca E.B., Ramirez A.J., “Friction stir welding of duplex and superduplex stainless steels and some aspects of microstructural characterization and mechanical performance”, Materials Research, Vol. 19, Issue 1, pp. 117-131, (2016).

18. Rezaei-Nejad S., Abdollah-zadeh A., Hajian M., Kargar F., Seraj R., “Formation of Nanostructure in AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel by Friction Stir Processing”, Procedia Materials Science, Vol. 11, pp. 397-402, (2015).

19. Liu F.C., Nelson T.W., “In-situ grain structure and texture evolution during friction stir welding of austenite stainless steel”, Materials & Design, Vol. 115, pp. 467-478, (2017).

20. Mirzadeh H., Cabrera J.M., Najafizadeh A., Calvillo P.R., “EBSD study of a hot deformed austenitic stainless steel”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 538, pp. 236-245, (2012).

21. Jorge-Badiola D., Iza-Mendia A., Gutierrez I., “Study by EBSD of the development of the substructure in a hot deformed 304 stainless steel”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 394, pp. 445-454, (2005).

22. Sato Y.S., Nelson T.W., Sterling C.J., “Recrystallization in type 304L stainless steel during friction stirring”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 53, pp. 637-645, (2005).