بررسی الکترولیت هیبریدی 12M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O-ACN برای استفاده در باتری روی-یون

نوع مقاله : علمی و پژوهشی

نویسنده

فرزاد سلیمانی

دانشکده مهندسی متالورژی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران.

10.22067/jmme.2025.92130.1187

چکیده

الکترولیت‌های "آب در نمک" به دلیل پنجره پایداری الکتروشیمایی گسترده، گامی مهم در پیشرفت باتری‌ها و ابرخازن‌های آبی به شمار می‌آیند. با این حال، کارایی این الکترولیت‌ها به دلیل سینتیک پایین نفوذ یون‌های فلزی مانند لیتیم یا روی بسیار محدود شده است. برای حل این چالش، می‌توان با اضافه‌کردن یک کمک‌حلال آلی به الکترولیت آبی، یک الکترولیت هیبریدی آب/غیرآبی تولید کرد. این رویکرد باعث افزایش سرعت نفوذ یون‌های فلزی و غلبه بر مشکلات سینتیکی آن‌ها می‌شود. در این پژوهش، ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی سیستم الکترولیت هیبریدی (1-x) 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O-xACN بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن 10 درصد وزنی استونیتریل به الکترولیت آبی 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O، ساختار حل‌شوندگی را بهبود می‌بخشد، پیوندهای O-H را محدود کرده، تعداد پیوندهای Free O-H را کاهش داده و یون Zn2+ را به شدت هیدراته می‌کند. این تغییرات منجر به افزایش رسانایی الکتریکی شده است. آزمون‌های الکتروشیمیایی با استفاده از الکترود شناخته‌شده CuHCF انجام گرفت. این ارزیابی‌ها نشان دهنده بازگشت‌پذیری بالا با ظرفیت اولیه mAh/g 91 و حفظ بیش از % 90 ظرفیت پس از 100 چرخه بود. بررسی‌های قابلیت نرخ پذیری نیز بهبود چشمگیر در سینتیک واکنش‌ها و حفظ ظرفیت % 80 پس از افزایش 20 برابری نرخ شارژ را در الکترولیت‌های حاوی 10 درصد وزنی استونیتریل نشان داد. علاوه بر این، اندازه‌گیری‌های امپدانس الکتروشیمیایی (EIS) حاکی از افزایش 20 برابری ضریب نفوذ یون Zn2+ در مقایسه با الکترولیت آبی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باتری روی-یون

الکترولیت هیبریدی

ساختار حل‌شوندگی

سینتیک واکنش الکتروشیمایی

موضوعات

• الکترو شیمی

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عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of the Hybrid Electrolyte 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O-ACN for Use in Zinc-Ion Batteries

نویسنده English

Farzad Soleimani

Department of Metallurgy Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran,

چکیده English

"Water-in-salt" electrolytes, with their wide electrochemical stability window, are a significant advancement in aqueous batteries and supercapacitors. However, their efficiency is often hindered by the slow diffusion kinetics of metal ions like lithium or zinc. To overcome this limitation, a hybrid aqueous/non-aqueous electrolyte can be formed by introducing an organic co-solvent into the aqueous solution. This approach accelerates the diffusion of metal ions and resolves kinetic challenges. In this study, the physicochemical characteristics of the hybrid electrolyte system (1-x) 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O-xACN were examined. The addition of 10 wt% acetonitrile to the aqueous 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O improved the solvation structure, restricted O-H bonding, reduced the number of free O-H bonds, and strongly hydrated Zn²⁺ ions, leading to enhanced electrical conductivity. Electrochemical tests with CuHCF electrodes showed high reversibility, an initial capacity of 91 mAh/g, and over 90% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Rate capability analysis revealed significant kinetic improvements, with 80% capacity retention even after a 20-fold charge rate increase in the presence of 10 wt% acetonitrile. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed a 20-fold increase in the Zn²⁺ ion diffusion coefficient compared to the aqueous electrolyte.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Zinc-Ion Battery

Hybrid Electrolyte

Solvation Structure

Electrochemical Reaction Kinetics

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