نوع مقاله : علمی و پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشکده مهندسی متالورژی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
"Water-in-salt" electrolytes, with their wide electrochemical stability window, are a significant advancement in aqueous batteries and supercapacitors. However, their efficiency is often hindered by the slow diffusion kinetics of metal ions like lithium or zinc. To overcome this limitation, a hybrid aqueous/non-aqueous electrolyte can be formed by introducing an organic co-solvent into the aqueous solution. This approach accelerates the diffusion of metal ions and resolves kinetic challenges. In this study, the physicochemical characteristics of the hybrid electrolyte system (1-x) 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O-xACN were examined. The addition of 10 wt% acetonitrile to the aqueous 12 M Zn(NO₃)₂·4H₂O improved the solvation structure, restricted O-H bonding, reduced the number of free O-H bonds, and strongly hydrated Zn²⁺ ions, leading to enhanced electrical conductivity. Electrochemical tests with CuHCF electrodes showed high reversibility, an initial capacity of 91 mAh/g, and over 90% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Rate capability analysis revealed significant kinetic improvements, with 80% capacity retention even after a 20-fold charge rate increase in the presence of 10 wt% acetonitrile. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed a 20-fold increase in the Zn²⁺ ion diffusion coefficient compared to the aqueous electrolyte.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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